Hardness testers are instruments used to measure the hardness of materials, usually metals and alloys. They operate by applying a specific force to an indenter, which penetrates the material being tested. The depth or size of the indentation is measured and used to calculate the material's hardness. Common methods include the Rockwell, Brinell, and Vickers scales, each with its own units of measurement. These instruments are essential for quality control and material selection in various industries.
